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Manihot glaziovii

Müll.Arg. (1874)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Malpighiales Family: Euphorbiaceae Genus: Manihot

ceará rubber tree

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Glabrous trees 8–12 m tall.

Stems: Rarely stems herbaceous, with milky sap, often with tuberous roots.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades peltate, palmately 3–5–lobed, the lobes obovate to broadly elliptic, 8–20(–30) cm long, nearly as wide. Lower surfaces glaucous. Margins entire. Petioles 10–25 cm long. Stipules often minute.

Flowers: Flowers in terminal or sometimes axillary panicles; Staminate flowers racemose along the central axis pistillate flowers on lateral branches. Flowers unisexual. Calyx greenish externally, dark purple within at base, yellowish toward apex, 1.5–1.8 cm long; Calyx lobes 5, imbricate, often petaloid. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens in staminate flowers 10, in 2 series, distinct; anthers introrse pistillate flower staminodes sometimes present. Ovary superior (pistillate flowers), 3-celled; ovules 1 per cell; styles 3, connate below; stigmas dilated and lacerate. Staminate flower ovary absent or vestigial.

Fruit: Capsules subglobose; 2–2.3 cm long; the surface warty. Seeds smooth; seed coat thin and crustaceous.

Ploidy: 2n = 36

Habitat: Moist to wet; disturbed areas in mesic to wet forest.

Elevation Range: 150–300 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Other Animals

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 11(2): 446 (1874)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:625 (K, O, M, H [as M. glaziovii]); Staples & Herbst 2005:279 (KEY), 291 (DESCR); Allem 2002:160 (Syn. M. glaziovii = M. carthagenensis subsp. glaziovii); da Silveira et al. 2019 (Syn M. c. subsp. glaziovii = M. glaziovii)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Manihot glaziovii Honolulu, upper Palolo Valley weedy forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. Oahu BISH 1958-12-25
2 Manihot glaziovii Kaneohe, Haiku Valley valley bottom among guava trees Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1335 Oahu BISH 1936-02-08
3 Manihot glaziovii South Kona, above Honaunau roadside among Prosopis and Haemotoxylum Preserved_Specimen Cuddihy, L.W. 2072 Hawaii BISH 1987-08-22
4 Manihot glaziovii Waita Reservoir, NW side along bank Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 1240 Kauai BISH 1985-09-26
5 Manihot glaziovii East Maui, Hana Hwy. 3 mi from Hana town pasture with Psidium undergrowth Preserved_Specimen Spence, G. 136 Maui BISH 1972-12-20
6 Manihot glaziovii upper Palolo Valley roadside Preserved_Specimen Garber, D.W. 29 Oahu BISH 1919-11-02
7 Manihot glaziovii Tantalus Dr, lower eucalyptus area above Leucaena scrub Shady understory Preserved_Specimen Faccenda, K. 1847 Oahu BISH 2021-05-22
8 Manihot glaziovii Foster Botanic Garden full sun Preserved_Specimen Lau, J. 2893 Oahu BISH 1986-10-28
9 Manihot glaziovii Waimanalo Research Station full sun Preserved_Specimen Lau, J. 1801 Oahu BISH 1985-12-30
10 Manihot glaziovii Wheeler Army Airfield, on road between stables and Kamehameha Hwy. UTM 600998, 2373415. Mesic, non-native dominated area. Preserved_Specimen Beachy, J. 413 Oahu BISH 2016-02-03
11 Manihot glaziovii East Maui, Hana District, ~2 mi E of Hanawi Gulch Preserved_Specimen Webster, G.L. 13961 Maui BISH 1968-06-27
12 Manihot glaziovii W Maui, Lahaina District, Kauaula Stream Lower stream corridor. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 70313 Maui BISH 2003-07-03
13 Manihot glaziovii Highway 11 near Kurtistown, mile 9-10; Puna District Saplings growing in disturbed area on roadside. No flowers or fruit. Preserved_Specimen Pratt, L.W. 3320 Hawaii BISH 2003-06-12
14 Manihot glaziovii Tantalus, U.S.Experiment Station Preserved_Specimen MacDaniels, L.H. 372 Oahu BISH 1927-01-24
15 Manihot glaziovii East Maui, Hana Road between Mahiku and Kaeliku roadside Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 9907 Maui BISH 1933-08-20
16 Manihot glaziovii About 1000 feet elevation trees are growing wild along the road for about 1/2 mile going down to Napoopoo Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Hawaii BISH 1985-09-04
17 Manihot glaziovii Tantalus Preserved_Specimen Kerr, M. Oahu BISH 1946-05-01
18 Manihot glaziovii Honolulu, Tantalus, Hawaii Agri. Expt. Station Preserved_Specimen Storey, W.B. Oahu BISH 1930-10-08
19 Manihot glaziovii Tantalus Preserved_Specimen Richards Oahu BISH 1965-02-23
20 Manihot glaziovii Tantalus, Makiki side Preserved_Specimen Kerr, M. 393 Oahu BISH 1946-07-20
21 Manihot glaziovii Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Landgraf, M.F. Oahu BISH 1955-11-11
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